Background At the twelfth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (SC COP-12), held from 28 April to 9 May 2025, Parties adopted amendments to Annex A of the Convention to list three additional persistent organic pollutants (POPs): the pesticide chlorpyrifos and two groups of industrial chemicals, namely long-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids (LC-PFCAs) and related substances, and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (