Background In Japan, cosmetics are primarily governed by the Act on Securing Quality, Efficacy and Safety of Products Including Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices（Act No. 145 of 1960) (also known as the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Act (PMDA), formerly known as the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act (PAA) or the 薬事法 (Yakujihō). In accordance with the Article 61 of PMDA, cosmetics must have the following information labelled on their immediate container or immediate packagin
