Japan continues to strengthen its chemical management framework under the Chemical Substances Control Act (CSCA), introducing significant new restrictions on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in 2026. The latest amendments expand the scope of substances designated as Class I Specified Chemical Substances (Class I SCS)—the most stringent regulatory category under the CSCA—resulting in broad prohibitions on the manufacture, impo